Are Endocrine Disruptors In Drinking Water Causing A Health Risk?

We all know that water is a basic necessity for living.  Although we can go without food for 3 weeks or more, we cannot survive longer than a week without water. 

Those of us living in modern countries have access to clean drinking water, but how clean is it really? 

If prime health is a concern for you, you will want to know the facts about the water you consume and some of the hidden dangers for men.   Let’s focus on one sneaky culprit: endocrine disruptors in drinking water.

What is an endocrine disruptor, what are the dangers, and more importantly, how can you protect yourself from its negative impacts?

What are Endocrine Disruptors?

The endocrine system maintains homeostasis of the bodily systems through a delicate balance of hormones.  Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are substances that change the course of endocrine systems in a way that adversely affects the body.  These chemicals can produce adverse developmental, reproductive, neurological, and immune effects in humans and animals. Both natural and man-made substances can cause endocrine disruption and can be found in many everyday products.  These everyday products include plastic bottles, metal food cans, detergents, flame retardants, food, toys, and cosmetics.  

Endocrine disruptors can mimic naturally occurring hormones in the body like estrogens (the female sex hormone), androgens (the male sex hormone), and even thyroid hormones, potentially producing overstimulation.  They can also bind to a receptor within a cell and block a hormone from binding which impacts the body’s ability to respond properly. Endocrine disruptors may interfere with the way the body makes or controls natural hormones or their receptors.  Thus it affects other organs like metabolism in the liver and kidneys.

What are examples of Endocrine Disruptors?

Some chemical endocrine disruptors which directly impact male health include BPA, Phthalates, Altazine, and Estradiol.  And the sad truth is that many of these endocrine disruptors are in drinking water. We can also find Endocrine Disruptors in our natural environment, phytoestrogens being the most common culprit. Let’s go into greater detail about these endocrine disruptor chemicals, and where you can find them.  Below is a common endocrine disruptor list:

Bisphenol A (BPA)

Bisphenol A (BPA) is the most commonly known endocrine disruptor that has recently gotten a lot of focus recently but is a problem far from resolved.  Manufacturers produce the chemical called BPA, primarily in the production of polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins, and food can linings. Studies show that testosterone becomes reduced within just 3 days of BPA exposure and that those consuming BPA are 4 times more likely to develop sexual disorders such as low libido and ejaculatory disorders.  Furthermore, exposure during gestation puts a child at more risk for adult testosterone imbalances.

In their September 2008 BPA review, The National Toxicology Program’s (NTP) expressed “some concern for effects on the brain, behavior, and prostate gland in fetuses, infants, and children at current human exposures to BPA.” Although adopting a BPA-free process, some companies are simply replacing BPA with another compound called BPS.  Studies have shown BPS to be just as dangerous as BPA.  For more information on the invasiveness of BPA see my article, “Does BPA Cause Sexual Problems?” 

Phthalates

Manufacturers use chemicals called Phthalates to manufacture a wide variety of consumer food packaging, some children’s products, pharmaceuticals, household items and body care products like shampoo. I consider phthalates the worse anti-androgen.  Studies show the presence of phthalates cause low testosterone and male infertility as well as male congenital defects such as testicular dysgenesis, cryptorchidism (undescended testicles), and hypospadias (abnormal urethra growth).   In 2006, NTP found that phthalates may pose a risk to human development, especially critically ill male infants which further indicates its correlation to male health.

Atrazine

In agriculture, farmers world-wide commonly use Atrazine, a toxic herbacide, especially for corn and grains.  Interestingly, Europe has banned its use, but companies in the U.S. still heavily use Atrazine.   A study done on frogs exposed to this herbicide showed that Atrazine inhibits testosterone synthesis so much that 10% off the frogs became feminized, meaning the males become females who reproduced and laid eggs after exposure.  Read that again, the males actually became females and laid eggs.

Phytoestrogens & Estradiol

Phytoestrogens & Estradiol are substances that have estrogen hormone-like activity that reduces androgen activity.  Contraception companies use Estradiol, a synthetic form of estrogen, as a key ingredient in birth control pills. You may not think that men are at risk because women are the ones who normally take birth control. But, contraceptives are just one of many pharmaceuticals that find their way into our water and food through off waste.  Eye opening, right?

One study showed a dramatic effect on fish whose testosterone levels fell due to estradiol exposure. Similarly, phytoestrogens are naturally occurring substances in plants that have hormone-like activity. Soy-derived products, hemp and flax seed are examples of phytoestrogens.  Soy, now 90% GMO, is the worst offender, decreasing testosterone and sperm production.  

The Concerns Around Endocrine Disruptors in Water and Other Products

Manufacturers use these endocrine disruptors in numerous consumer goods and personal care products. This exposes humans to the harmful effects of these substances in a variety of ways.  When our bodies absorb these toxic chemicals, transmitted through our food and our water without our knowledge, it can create deadly complications. Once exposed, many of these chemicals remain in the body for a long time, causing health challenges by cumulative effect. 

In a study of 20 biopsies, they found 19 different endocrine disruptors in all 20 bodies! Furthermore, pregnant women can pass these endocrine disruptors to their babies through the womb, having a transgenerational effect (Wang et al, 2015). This means that even if you have avoided exposure as much as possible, your health could be at risk due to any exposure from your parents.  Experts report that if tested, 90% of us will show detectable BPA in our urine and 98% of us will show phthalates in our system. This is scary!

As mentioned above, studies show these endocrine disruptors decrease testosterone leading to infertility, testicular and prostate cancers.  The rise of endocrine receptors in the environment as well as the simultaneous rise of male reproductive disorders calls attention to the idea that endocrine disruptors may be responsible for the decline in male reproductive health (more in this article: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6043754/).  Other negative impacts of endocrine disruptors include:

  • insulin resistance
  • obesity
  • ADD
  • depression
  • and immune dysfunction such as allergies and skin conditions.

Because manufacturers use them so predominantly, experts are finding these chemicals in our shampoos, clothes, toothpastes, soaps, utensils, and deodorant! Now, more than ever, we need to carefully choose the items we purchase and put into our body.

Regulations to Remove Endocrine Disruptors

In order to tackle this issue, some countries have already established regulations to remove endocrine disruptor chemicals from everyday products.  France has outlawed BPA in food containers and DEHP in child-related products. In the United States, legislation such as the Toxic Substances Control Act, the Food Quality Protection Act, and the Safe Drinking Water Act gives the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) the power to control regulations upon chemicals that are endocrine disruptors.  The Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program introduced by the EPA in 1998 has allowed for the testing of over 85,000 chemicals but has yet to be implemented. Although we have seen some legal change, we still need more countries to adopt these regulations. And for the potential enactment of new legislation to happen, we need the proper agencies to screen a wider range of chemicals.

Furthermore, most of this change was the result of public outcry and pressure, not company integrity.  And in underdeveloped countries, the proper authorities have made limited efforts to warn people about these serious issues.  Companies that create these chemicals do not openly explain the methods of minimizing exposure.  Nor do they develop efficient mitigation strategies in the environment.  These same companies could use a wide diversity of estrogen-degrading microorganisms to develop biological filters in the post-treatment of wastewater.

Endocrine Disruptors in Drinking Water

In many highly populated countries, authorities source the country’s drinking water from the same rivers and lakes that contain sewage and industrial discharge.   For example, the River Thames which flows through London, has passed through drinking water and sewage discharge 5 times.
According to the National Center for Biotechnology

“Under these types of circumstances, any accumulation of endocrine disrupting compounds from sewage or industry potentially affects the quality of drinking water. Neither basic wastewater treatment nor basic drinking water treatment will eliminate the estrogens, androgens or detergent breakdown products from water, due to the chemical stability of the structures. Hence a potential risk to health exists.”  

As a result of this concern, authorities have turned their attention toward enhanced wastewater treatment and are implementing advanced techniques. This treatment employs particle removal, ozone oxidation and activated charcoal filters.  That being said, recent studies showed that 94% of lakes in the midwest, our biggest supplier of corn, were positive for Atrazine and 29% of drinking water samples across the U.S. contained phthalates.    

We can all agree that water is fundamental for human health and well-being.  Paradoxically, the loose regulations have contributed to the alteration and deterioration of water supply sources causing risks for the population in the past.  Since the end of the 19th century, the role of drinking water in exposing populations to pathogens, and improvements in its quality in order to prevent illness, has been widely documented and debated.   Furthermore, what is ‘healthy’ to be in your water, such as Fluoride and Chlorine, has recently become challenged.

  

How can I drink better water?

My intention is not to scare you out of drinking water, however I hope it will inspire better choices around the sources of your water.   Not all bottled water is in BPA-free bottles . Due to the lack of screening, you can’t be sure what other endocrine disruptors are leaking into your water through the plastic.  Bottled water is a much safer choice when you are in countries with poor water regulations. However, we have no proof that bottled water is healthier than tap water.  The FDA only regulates bottled water if  it crosses state lines. So authorities are not testing 70% of bottled water for contaminants!

Even distilled water does not remove endocrine disruptors.  On the other hand, the United States highly regulates its drinking water systems (tap).  The U.S. also frequently tests its water systems for harmful pollutants. Your most cost efficient and healthy option is to filter your own tap water beyond what your city is already doing.

What about water filters?

Of the vast array of water filter products you can choose from, pitcher/faucet filters such as the Brita filter are the most common.  Although this can reduce chlorine and improve taste, because the carbon in the filter is not solid, they are not effective in removing endocrine disruptors in water, fluoride, or heavy metals.  You can check your local water quality report (through your local water company’s website) to see what contaminants are in your water.  Then you can determine how much to invest in your filtration. 

No matter which you choose, if you want to remove endocrine disruptors in water, you want to ensure your filter is solid block carbon. These units may cost you more upfront. However, in the long run, they are your least expensive option because they require less filter replacements.  A solid filtration system can last you years before changing your filters!

The most common and highly rated of these filters is the Berkey brand.  Berkey filters come in many sizes for different uses.  You can even use them to filter river water for drinking! This can be bulky however, as it is a counter-top filter that can take up quite a lot of space. Sometimes it makes the most sense to invest in an under-counter multi-stage water filter system for your household.  Overall, the Berkey brand is a fabulous filter for removing endocrine disruptors in drinking water.

It’s not just about Endocrine Disruptors in Drinking Water

With a deeper understanding of endocrine disruptor compounds, you now have new knowledge to inform better choices for your health.  My recommendation is for a balance of mitigating exposure and detoxification.  

  1. Reduce Exposure To Plastics.  You want to avoid plastics used for storing and cooking.  Never use plastic to microwave or hold hot drinks or food.  Even your plastic coffee makers can leak endocrine disruptors into the water that becomes your morning cup of joe. Reading labels in addition to choosing natural body products and eliminate fragrances from personal care items, especially laundry can help.  One of my favorite apps is Healthy Living. Simply scan the product in the grocery store.  Then, this nifty software will tell you what endocrine disruptors are in those products!
  2. Build Your Immune System.  Eliminate highly processed foods avoiding those with ingredients that start with ‘benz’ or ‘phen’.  Limit grains (especially corn and wheat) as well as dairy. Eliminate soy products and check labels because food companies often use soy lecithin to bind products.   Eating wild caught fish and filling your plate organic produce will strengthen your immune system.  It will also prevent the dangerous build up of toxins in your system.
  3. Support Through Detox.   Given the cumulative effect of endocrine disruptors, I recommend using herbs to gently detox your body from these toxic chemicals.  Some herbs that are especially helpful for endocrine disruptors specifically are green tea, holy basil, pau darco, and curcumin (turmeric).  Research shows DIM and quercetin supplements also support in detox.

Conclusion

It is clear that endocrine disruptors in drinking water is a concern.  Not only does it effect male health but also human lifespan and longevity.  We can’t rely on the EPA and water companies to ensure that our drinking water is free of endocrine disruptors in drinking water.  So it is important to take your health into your own hands through the above recommendations.  You can reduce the negative impacts of BPA, endocrine disruptors in water and other toxins through conscious consumer choices and lifestyle changes.

As a powerful man looking to optimize your life, you should be on the path of lifestyle health program. With my suite, I test your DNA, interpret the results, and come up with a customized plan.  This customized plan is specific to YOUR individual genes and lifestyle. It will improve every area of your life from your health and energy to your professional productivity to your personal relationships.

It’s time for you to get in the driver’s seat of your health. With elite men’s optimization program, we’ll put you at the peak of your human potential.

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Tracy Gapin, MD, FACS  is a board-certified Urologist,  world renowned Men’s Health & Performance Expert, Author, and Professional Speaker. Using state-of-the-art biometric monitoring, nutrition and lifestyle intervention, Dr. Gapin coaches Fortune 500 executives and evolutionary leaders of business, sports medicine, and high performance. He specializes in cutting-edge precision medicine with an emphasis on epigenetics, providing men with a personalized path to optimizing health & performance. www.GapinInstitute.com

 

Does BPA Cause Sexual Problems?


BPA, a chemical rampant in everyday American life, is directly linked to short-term and long-term sexual dysfunction.

But what is BPA and how is it linked to sexual disorders?

And what can you do about it?

What is sexual dysfunction?

Before we get into BPA, let’s first discuss the definition of sexual dysfunction.

“Sexual dysfunction” is an overarching term that encompasses a number of sexual problems that deviate from an individual’s personal norm. This means that a man’s sexual behaviors have changed in some way.

These dysfunctions can include:

  • Erectile dysfunction: inability to get or sustain an erection long enough to have satisfactory sex
  • Low libido: minimized interest in sex, often caused by low testosterone
  • Premature ejaculation: reaching orgasm too quickly for satisfaction
  • Delayed or inhibited ejaculation: reaching orgasm too slowly or not at all

The causes of sexual dysfunction are varied. Causes include:  low testosterone levels, prescription drugs, blood vessel or nerve disorders, depression, stress or anxiety, relationship concerns, performance anxiety, smoking, alcohol or drug abuse, and even a lack of sleep.

The cause of sexual dysfunction that we’re talking about today is chemicals in the environment—like BPA.


Chemicals impact your body’s natural and healthy functioning. In many cases, chemicals can mimic certain hormones, which disrupts the endocrine system.

These chemicals can also damage the cells in your body. This damage can create sexual problems as a result of decreased blood flow or blocked nerve impulses. Cellular damage is also a leading cause of disease, cancer, and aging.

What is BPA?

The chemical we’re going to focus on is BPA, aka bisphenol A. BPA is a chemical that mimics estrogen in the body. It’s a major component in hard plastics, like polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins.

You’ll find BPA in a number of plastics and canned food linings. This includes baby bottles and reusable plastic storage containers.


I’m focusing this discussion on BPA because it’s proven to damage sexual function…

But it’s also one of the most common chemicals in our society.

In fact, an EWG survey found that the four leading producers of liquid infant formula line their cans with BPA. They also found that 20 out of 28 brands of canned foods and drinks use BPA in their products.

BPA is so common that it’s been detected in 93% of the American population (through a urine test). Nearly all of Americans test positive for low-level BPA contamination.

Most Americans consume BPA through their food and drink. The chemicals are released from the plastics and cans by penetrating the food or drink, which humans then consume.  

Thus, people have started looking to the Food and Drug Administration to regulate the chemical.

But the FDA has still maintained that BPA is safe at certain levels—despite nearly 100 academic studies saying otherwise. This initial research has shown a variety of negative effects of BPA, including infertility, weight gain, behavioral changes, early-onset puberty, diabetes, and even cancer.

That’s right—they found a link between BPA and cancer.

However, the FDA stated that those studies, which were performed on animals, did not translate to a human population.

So one set of researchers set out to prove the results in humans.

What links BPA and sexual dysfunction?

The study followed 634 male workers across four factories in China. Researchers compared one group exposed to BPA in the air and one that had no exposure. The study persisted for five years.

Researchers found three shocking discoveries:

  1. Men exposed to BPA were 4x as likely to suffer from erectile dysfunction. They also had reduced sexual desire and diminished sexual satisfaction.
  2. Men exposed to BPA were 7x as likely to have difficulty with ejaculation, even if they didn’t have ED.
  3. The above two effects happened after just months on the job, not years.

How does BPA affect sexual dysfunction?

Researchers were not 100% sure that BPA was the cause of the sexual dysfunction. However, the way BPA interacts with the body can give us some ideas about the link between the two.

BPA is a synthetic form of estrogen. This means that it mimics estrogen in the body. When you consume BPA, your body’s estrogen receptors start ringing off the hook, so the body thinks it has more estrogen than it actually does.

When there’s an excess of estrogen, the body stops producing testosterone. This creates a dangerous imbalance of hormones.

Estrogen and testosterone are both necessary for proper functioning. You need an appropriate balance of E and T. But “balance” depends on your gender. For women, that balance means more estrogen, and for men, that balance means more testosterone.

In women, estrogen dominance can cause serious health problems, like endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and breast cancer.

In men, estrogen dominance can kill your interest in sex and overall motivation and drive. High E levels lead to low testosterone, low libido, erectile dysfunction, behavioral changes, anxiety, stress, weight gain, muscle loss, and a number of other side effects. It can even give you man-boobs.

Men need strong levels of testosterone in order to have all of those “manly” features, like lean muscle and hair growth. Testosterone is also necessary for a strong sex drive and fertility.

BPA functions like estrogen. When you consume BPA, you’re basically ingesting more estrogen, which suppresses the production of testosterone. This throws off the hormonal balance in the body and inhibits testosterone.

This can throw your body into a state of estrogen dominance, which leads to a number of sexual dysfunctions, including low testosterone, erectile dysfunction, low sperm motility, low sperm count, delayed ejaculation, and more. It can even lead to psychological concerns like stress, depression, and performance anxiety.

Is there a safe level of BPA?

Still, some experts are concerned that this human study doesn’t paint the whole picture of BPA and sexual dysfunction.


It’s important to note that researchers of the study were able to prove a correlational relationship—but not a causal one. 

Moreover, the study only looked at high levels of exposure in a factory setting. There could be a difference between intense periods of high exposure and continuous, low-level exposure, which is what the average American experiences.

Thus, some people still argue that low levels of BPA are not dangerous. Some of these people are unfortunately part of the FDA.

Nevertheless, groups are still fighting the use of BPA in our foods and drinks. The American Medical Association Board of Delegates, which is a highly credible group of academics, wrote:

“Even infinitesimally low levels of exposure—indeed, any level of exposure at all—[to BPA] may cause endocrine or reproductive abnormalities, particularly if exposure occurs during a critical developmental window. Surprisingly, low doses may even exert more potent effects than higher doses.”

My thoughts?

If we see such a heavy effect in high doses, there are likely effects in small doses as well.

Putting any sort of artificial chemical in your body is not ideal. Chemicals disrupt the endocrine system and damage cells, which can have long-term effects.

Anything that pretends to be a hormone and interrupts your natural hormone balance is a no-no for me. In these cases, chemical-induced low testosterone and erectile dysfunction can be avoided.

What about phthalates?

I’m glad you asked.

BPA is often used in hard plastics, but phthalates are a type of chemical used to soften plastics. You’ll often find these in toys, shower curtains, wallpaper, and personal care products. They’re also found in detergents and some food packaging.

Studies have shown similar concerns with phthalates as BPA. One study found that multiple types of phthalates were associated with reduced testosterone in both females and males. This was especially true for women ages 40-60 (menopausal age) and boys 6-12 years old (puberty age). There were significant reductions in T within adult men ages 40-60 as well.

This indicates that phthalates and BPA may have a more intense effect during critical hormonal periods, like puberty and menopause. It can also worsen with age, as testosterone levels naturally start to decline.

Not only do phthalates impact testosterone, but they alter fertility as well. Another study found phthalates in much higher concentrations in infertile men than fertile men. They concluded that exposure to phthalates may concern testicular and Leydig cell function, which is the basis of healthy fertility and virility.

What can you do about these chemicals?

Unfortunately, BPA doesn’t seem to be going anywhere any time soon. While we wait for more studies (and the FDA), it’s time to take control of your own health.

You may not be able to completely get rid of BPA by yourself—but minimizing your exposure is a start.

1. Choose organic, whole foods.


The best way to avoid BPA is to reduce your consumption of foods in cans or plastics. If 20 out of 28 major canning companies use BPA, any consumption of canned foods is likely exposing you to this chemical.

Plus, canned foods are usually incredibly high in sodium. Sodium also packs on the pounds, lowers your testosterone, and kills your sex drive.

It’s best to avoid canned foods altogether if possible. Instead, opt for organic, whole foods. This reduces your exposure to environmental contaminants in general, from BPA to pesticides to GMOs.

2. Look for “BPA-free” labels.

Not all canned foods and plastics use BPA. There are a number of companies moving away from BPA to protect their customers (and to market to a health-conscious consumer).

You can look for “BPA-free” labels on your cans and plastics. They will usually display their health certifications as well.

However, it’s important to note that the FDA doesn’t regulate BPA, which means it doesn’t regulate the labeling of BPA-free. Not all labeled items will be 100% free of BPA.

3. Store your food in glass or ceramic.


Don’t store your foods in plastic containers. A number of plastic containers also have BPA. If you store your food in plastic, the BPA can seep out of the lining and into the food that you’ll consume. This is especially important to note for your kids’ lunch boxes.

Using glass and ceramic can help you avoid BPA. These are an environmentally friendly and health-conscious way to minimize exposure to contaminants—and reduce your waste and environmental impact!

4. Don’t heat plastic.

Never put plastic containers in the microwave. Don’t cook with plastic. Don’t even leave plastic out in the sun for too long.

Heating up plastic actually releases chemicals inside, including BPA and phthalates. The chemicals in the plastic then transfer to the food inside. 

5. Avoid bottled water.

Bottled water is often subjected to unstable environmental conditions. It can be stored in hot warehouses, which causes a release of chemicals into the water.

Water is the most essential aspect of health. You want your water to be pure and clear for optimal health. You don’t want to fill up on BPA in your hydration.

6. Detox.


Going through a detox helps your body get rid of any chemicals, pollutants, or gunk that may be hanging around. Frequent detoxes can help keep your organs and cells clean, clear, and functioning at their peak.

There are a number of different detox plans out there. Try a variety to see which works best for your body. You’ll know which one’s best based on how you feel.

I usually recommend a detox that includes a period of intermittent fasting in association with raw, organic foods. I also recommend you drink your body weight (in ounces) in water to help flush out those toxins. For example, if you weigh 180 pounds, you want 90 ounces of water.

7. Probiotics.

Now that you’ve detoxed, it’s time to fill your body with goodness. Probiotics are natural “good bacteria” that help fight off foreign bodies, including chemicals and disease.

Learn more about the amazing benefits of probiotics here.

Conclusion

Be aware of what you’re putting in your body and how it’s impacting your hormone levels.

BPA is directly linked to male sexual problems. Despite efforts to get it removed from our cans and plastics, BPA is still very much a part of our daily lives in America.

But you can preserve your sexual and overall health by acknowledging the concerns of BPA.

With prevention and detox, you can safeguard against BPA.

Looking for a proven method of detox and revitalization?

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